In the middle of the Mediterranean basin, located in a position almost equidistant from Europe, Asia and Africa, lies the island of Crete. Its privileged position is linked with a rare - perhaps unique - combination of geographical and climatic conditions. The length of the island, from the headland of Sidero in the east to Cape Grambousa in the west, is 260 km (156 miles), and at its widest point the island measures 56 km (34 miles) from north to south between the headlands of Stavros and Lithinon, while at the isthmus of Ierapetra it is just 12 km.
Crete appears to turn its face towards Europe, and its south side towards Africa. The north coast is indented with deep natural harbours and hospitable bays, while the south coast is rugged and harsh with few bays and virtually no decent harbour apart from that of Ierapetra. This difference explains the development and precedence of the north side of Crete over the south.
Crete is famous, however, chiefly for its long and eventful history and its contribution to world civilisation. Its history is daunting for its variety and wealth of events and achievments. It is not an exaggeration to say that nowhere in Greece can boast such a long and rich historical and cultural tradition as Crete, stamped as it is by such a distinct character.
...the history and culture of the island from neolithic times (ca. 6000 B.C.) right up to the Nazi invasion of Crete in 1941 with the legendary Battle of Crete.

History of Crete

By Theocharis E. Detorakis (Proffessor at University of Crete)

Iraklion 1994